A clear, compassionate guide for parents, carers, and educators to recognize early autism signs, developmental milestones, and when to seek professional support.
Estimated reading time: 8 minutes
Every child develops at their own pace — some talk early, some walk later, and others surprise us in unique ways. But when differences in communication, play, or social interaction seem persistent, parents may wonder if they are noticing early signs of autism.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is typically diagnosed after age 2, but early signs can sometimes appear before 18 months. Spotting these signs matters because early intervention can make a profound difference in a child's development.
This article explains the early signs of autism in toddlers, how they relate to ASD levels (1–3), how they differ from GDD (Global Developmental Delay), and how educators use the EYLF (Early Years Learning Framework) to track developmental milestones.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how children perceive, interact, and communicate. While autism is lifelong, its expression varies widely.
In toddlers, autism is often first noticed through differences in:
Autism is described in three levels of support needs:
Toddlers may have mild delays in speech or social play but still show emerging skills.
Noticeable challenges with language, social reciprocity, and flexibility.
Marked absence of speech, little interest in peers, and reliance on strict routines.
These levels of autism do not predict a child's future but help guide the right level of support.
GDD is diagnosed when children under 5 show significant delays in two or more developmental areas (language, motor, cognition, social).
A toddler with GDD may later receive an ASD diagnosis, but not always. Differentiating between the two often requires time and professional observation.
The Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF) guides Australian educators in supporting children's learning from birth to age 5. For toddlers, key milestones include:
Tracking developmental milestones (EYLF) helps professionals identify whether differences may reflect autism, GDD, or simply individual variation.
Diagnosis usually involves:
Early assessment is key because targeted support (speech therapy, occupational therapy, parent training) can strengthen outcomes.
Connect with qualified professionals who specialize in early autism assessment and intervention for toddlers.
Search for Autism SpecialistsA: Yes, some signs appear before 18 months, though most formal diagnoses occur around age 2–3.
A: Not always. Some toddlers are late talkers without ASD, but combined with other behaviours, it may be significant.
A: Yes. Support needs may shift with therapy, development, and environment.
A: Autism is defined by differences in communication and behaviour, while GDD refers to broad developmental delays.
A: Not always — but if it's persistent alongside other signs, consider professional evaluation.
Social Interaction